Consortium to Create ‘Virtual Patients’ As Aid to Diagnosis & Treatment

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Welcomeurope reports the European Commission-funded launch of the Information Technology Future of Medicine (ITFoM) consortium, which will “create ‘virtual patients’ (computational models of individual people) that will help specialists create personalised health systems based on patients’ genetic and physiological make-up.”

“Not only will this give patients fast diagnoses of what ails them, but it will protect them from life-threatening side effects of wrongly prescribed medication. Another upshot is that less money will be spent on drugs.”

Headed by the Max Planck Society in Germany and initially comprising 25 research institutes and industry groups in from Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Ethnobotanical Survey in Canhane Village, Mozambique

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Ribeiro A, Romeiras MM, Tavares J, Faria MT. Ethnobotanical survey in Canhane village, district of Massingir, Mozambique: medicinal plants and traditional knowledge. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2010 Dec 3;6:33. PubMed PMID: 21129187; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3016261. [Free full text.]

Investigators from the Tropical Research Institute, Lisbon, Portugal, gathered information on 53 plant species used to treat 50 different human health problems by people of Canhane village, district of Massingir, in Gaza, Mozambique. Most of the village inhabitants belong to the Valoyi tribe of the Changana ethnic group.

More than half of the reported species were used for stomach and intestine related disturbances, notably diarrhea and dysentery. Four species with therapeutic applications are reported here for the first time: Blepharis diversispina, Guibourtia conjugata, Hermannia micropetala, Loeseneriella crenata.

Free full text is available via PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Traditional Herbal Medicine in Far West Nepal: A Pharmacological Appraisal

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Kunwar RM, Shrestha KP, Bussmann RW. Traditional herbal medicine in far-west Nepal: a pharmacological appraisal. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2010 Dec 13;6:35. PubMed PMID: 21144003; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3012020. [Free full text]

Investigators from the Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal evaluated ethnomedicinal plants in far-west Nepal and their uses following a literature review, comparison, field observations, and analysis. The authors cataloged major uses of the medicinal plants, their chemical constituents, and latest common pharmacological findings.

Free full text is available via PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Karl Popper: Love Your Neighbor

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Karl Popper. The Open Society and Its Enemies.

“Why did Plato try to attack individualism? I think he knew very well what he was doing when he trained his guns upon this position, for individualism, perhaps even more than equalitarianism, was a stronghold in the defences of the new humanitarian creed. The emancipation of the individual was indeed the great spiritual revolution which had led to the breakdown of tribalism and to the rise of democracy. Plato’s uncanny sociological intuition shows itself in the way in which he invariably discerned the enemy wherever he met him.”

“This individualism, united with altruism, has become the basis of our western civilization. It is the central doctrine of Christianity (‘love your neighbor’, say the Scriptures, not ‘love your tribe’); and it is the core of all ethical doctrines which have grown from our civilization and stimulated it. It is also, for instance, Kant’s central practical doctrine (‘always recognize that human individuals are ends, and do not use them as mere means to your ends’). There is no other thought which has been so powerful in the moral development of man.”

Music Making as a Tool for Promoting Brain Plasticity

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Wan CY, Schlaug G. Music making as a tool for promoting brain plasticity across the life span. Neuroscientist. 2010 Oct;16(5):566-77. Review. PubMed PMID: 20889966; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2996135. [Free full text.]

Neurologists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School summarize research on the effects of musical training on the structural and functional organization of the human brain.

“This review summarizes research on the effects of musical training on the structural and functional organization of the human brain. Engaging in musical activities not only shapes the organization of the developing brain but also produces long-lasting changes even after brain maturation is complete. The fact that the adult brain can undergo continual modifications highlights the potential of rehabilitation treatments that are designed to induce plastic changes to overcome impairments due to brain injury. For this purpose, music may be a suitable medium because it transmits visual, auditory, and motor information to a specialized brain network consisting of frontotemporoparietal regions.”

Free full text is available via PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Differences in the Quality of Interpersonal Care in Complementary and Conventional Medicine in Switzerland

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Busato A, Künzi B. Differences in the quality of interpersonal care in complementary and conventional medicine. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Nov 4;10:63. PubMed PMID: 21050450; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2987773. [Free full text.]

Researchers at the Institute for Evaluative Research in Medicine, University of Bern, undertook this study as part of a nationwide evaluation of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Swiss primary care.

They found that CAM physicians treated significantly more patients with chronic conditions than allopathic physicians, that CAM patients had significant higher healing expectations than COM patients, and that general patient satisfaction and ratings of patient-physician communication were significantly higher in CAM patients, although patient-reported symptom relief was significantly poorer.

From the Conclusion:

“Our study therefore provides empirical evidence that the patient-reported effectiveness of CAM in Swiss primary care is related to higher patient satisfaction due to better patient-physician communication of certified CAM physicians. More effective communication patterns of these physicians also may play an important role in allowing patients to maintain more positive outcome expectations. The findings should promote formative efforts in conventional primary care to improve communication skills in order to reach the same levels of favourable patient outcomes.”

[Free full text is available via PubMed Central.]

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants Used by Haudenosaunee Peoples, New York State

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Frey FM, Meyers R. Antibacterial activity of traditional medicinal plants used by Haudenosaunee peoples of New York State. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Nov 6;10:64.
[PubMed PMID: 21054887; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2989932.]

Observing that the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of new strains of disease-causing agents, is of great concern to the global health community, biologists from Colgate University explored the antibacterial properties of plants used in Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) traditional medicine as a potential source of novel drugs.

The authors begin by noting that in Upstate New York, the Haudenosaunee peoples used approximately 450 plant species in traditional medicine. After identification and harvesting, they prepared aqueous extractions from 15 plant species and tested them against four bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium [Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium], Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus [Lactococcus] lactis).

From the Conclusions:

“Growing antibiotic resistance among human pathogens and new data showing that antibiotic-resistant E. coli can protect antibiotic-sensitive S. typhimurium without gene transfer, emphasize the importance of finding new antibacterial molecules. Our data suggest that investigating traditional Haudenosaunee medicinal plants may yield promising new leads. The degree of concordance between traditional use and observed antibacterial properties suggest that there may be some truth to these remedies. In particular, our results suggest that A. millefolium, [Hieracium] pilosella, [Ipomoea] pandurata, and [Sanguinaria] canadensis warrant further study, as does the previously undocumented [Hesperis] matronalis, especially in the context of S. typhimurium. Elucidating the mode of action behind these observed antibacterial properties, as well as exploring other pharmacological activities is currently underway in our lab.”

Free full text is available via PubMed and PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Cupping Therapy in China: A Systematic Literature Review

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Cao H, Han M, Li X, et al. Clinical research evidence of cupping therapy in China: a systematic literature review. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Nov 16;10:70. Review.
[PubMed PMID: 21078197; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3000376.]

Noting that although cupping therapy has been used in China for thousands of years, there has been no systematic summary of clinical research on the practice, investigators from Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine evaluated the therapeutic effect of cupping therapy using evidence-based approach based on all available clinical studies.

The authors identified 550 clinical studies, including 73 randomized controlled trials, 22 clinical controlled trials (RCTs), 373 case series, and 82 case reports. They determined that the quality of the RCTs was generally poor according to the risk of bias of the Cochrane standard for important outcome within each trials. The diseases in which cupping was commonly employed included pain conditions, herpes zoster, cough or asthma, etc. No serious adverse effects were reported in the studies.

They found that the quality and quantity of RCTs on cupping therapy appears to be improved during the past 50 years, and that the majority of studies show potential benefit on pain conditions, herpes zoster and other diseases. They recommend further rigorously designed trials to evaluate the use of cupping in clinical practice.

Free full text is available via PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Cytotoxic Activity of Thai Medicinal Plants Against Human Carcinoma Cells in vitro

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Mahavorasirikul W, Viyanant V, Chaijaroenkul W, et al. Cytotoxic activity of Thai medicinal plants against human cholangiocarcinoma, laryngeal and hepatocarcinoma cells in vitro. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Sep 28;10:55.
[PubMed PMID: 20920194; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2956707.]

Noting that cholangiocarcinoma is a serious public health problem in Thailand with increasing incidence and mortality rates, researchers from Thammasat University investigated cytotoxic activities of crude ethanol extracts of a total of 28 plants and 5 recipes used in Thai folklore medicine against human cholangiocarcinoma (CL-6), human laryngeal (Hep-2), and human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cell lines in vitro.

From the Conclusions:

“Results obtained from this study indicate that 6 out of a total of 28 plants and 5 recipes (Atractylodes lancea, Kaempferia galangal, Zingiber officinale, Piper chaba, Mesua ferrea, and Pra-Sa-Prao-Yhai recipe) used in Thai folklore medicine exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against CL-6 human cholangiocarcinoma cell line… Further investigation of all the six extracts for their cytotoxic activity against cholangiocarcinoma in hamster model is underway to fully assess the anticancer activity in vivo.”

Free full text is available via PubMed Central.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.

Lifetime Follow-up Recommended after Childhood Cancer

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Haddy RI, Haddy TB. Lifetime follow-up care after childhood cancer. J Am Board Fam Med. 2010 Sep-Oct;23(5):647-54. Review. PubMed PMID: 20823360.

Noting that large numbers of children and adolescents are being cured of cancer, but that their therapy places them at risk for future adverse consequences, doctors at the University of Louisville and Children’s National Medical Center propose that primary care physicians remain involved with their patients during diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and, when treatment fails, palliative care.

Free full text is available via PubMed.

The information on my blog is not intended as a substitute for medical professional help or advice but is to be used only as an aid in understanding current medical knowledge. A physician should always be consulted for any health problem or medical condition.